1/8/2023 0 Comments Sleep amnesia![]() 1 However, whatever the etiology, neuroimaging has provided evidence that TGA is due to a transient dysfunction of the mesial temporal lobe, particularly the hippocampus. 5, 10 – 13 Identification of TGA requires the exclusion of other causes of amnesia: head trauma or concussion, epileptic seizures, ischemia, drug intoxication, and psychogenic causes. 9 The hypothesis that TGA can be consequent to a small venous infarct of the hippocampus is debated. 7, 8 In clinical practice the recent introduction of sequences of magnetic resonance in diffusion (diffusion weighted imaging ), has allowed demonstration that about 50% of patients suffering from TGA show a small area of restricted diffusion in the lateral formation of the hippocampus. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the etiology of the syndrome, such as ischemia, migraine, seizures, venous congestion, and psychological disorders, 6 particularly intense emotional stress. Some persons affected by TGA appear confused and disoriented in time and space, and repeatedly ask the same things. 5 During the acute phase of TGA, which can last for a few minutes or hours, retrograde amnesia may involve events that occurred in the previous weeks or months. The most characteristic feature of the TGA is the sudden onset of an acute inability to retain new information (anterograde amnesia), associated with a significant reduction in the ability to recall past events (retrograde amnesia). In 1990, Hodges and Warlow 4 attempted to define diagnostic criteria by analyzing the characteristics of the amnesic disorder. In 1956 Courjon and Guyotat described the TGA for the first time, and defined it as “Amnesic Stroke.” 2 Subsequently, in 1964, Fisher and Adams 3 further characterized the syndrome, and introduced the term transient global amnesia. TGA typically lasts several hours, usually from 1 to 24, leaving only an amnesic gap for the acute episode and, often, for the hours before the episode. Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a temporary memory loss characterized by an abrupt onset of anterograde and retrograde amnesia it is totally reversible.
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